A Fiqh Muamalah Analysis of the Profit-Sharing Partnerships for SMEs at HOCO Coffee Banda Aceh

Abstract

This study aims to analyse the form of partnership contracts between Hoco Coffee Banda Aceh and MSME actors and review their compliance with the principles of musyarakah in Islamic economics. The study uses a qualitative approach with descriptive-analytical methods through interviews and documentation. The results show that the partnership contract is technically carried out through a verbal agreement based on trust (gentleman's agreement), reinforced by standard operating procedures (SOP) and a digital recording system, without a formal written contract that is legally binding under civil law. In terms of bargaining power, Hoco Coffee has structural dominance because it controls the location, facilities, and payment system, but MSME partners still have bargaining power through product differentiation and brand strength. This partnership model reflects the concept of musyarakah, in which Hoco contributes in the form of non-cash capital in the form of premises, facilities, and promotion, while MSMEs contribute operational expertise and products. Based on Imam Malik's view, capital contributions do not have to be in the form of cash, so that such partnership practices can be considered valid as long as the distribution of profits and responsibilities are clearly agreed upon. This study concludes that the partnership between Hoco Coffee and MSMEs is collaborative, semi-symmetrical, and substantively in line with sharia principles in terms of capital contributions and profit sharing.